Title Statement | |
Title: | Codebook for an IPUMS-CPS Data Extract |
Subtitle: | DDI 2.5 metadata describing the extract file 'cps_00020.dat' |
Identification Number: | ddi2-146448_cps_00020.dat-cps.ipums.org |
Responsibility Statement | |
Authoring Entity: | Minnesota Population Center |
Affiliation: | University of Minnesota |
Production Statement | |
Producer: | Minnesota Population Center |
Affiliation: | University of Minnesota |
Role: | Documentation |
Date of Production: | April 16, 2019 |
Place of Production: | Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455 |
Distribution Statement | |
Contact Persons: | Minnesota Population Center |
Affiliation: | University of Minnesota |
URI: | http://pop.umn.edu |
Title Statement | |
Title: | User Extract cps_00020.dat |
Responsibility Statement | |
Authoring Entity: | Minnesota Population Center |
Affiliation: | University of Minnesota |
Production Statement | |
Producer: | Minnesota Population Center |
Affiliation: | University of Minnesota |
Role: | Documentation |
Date of Production: | April 16, 2019 |
Place of Production: | Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455 |
Distribution Statement | |
Contact Persons: | Minnesota Population Center |
Affiliation: | University of Minnesota |
URI: | http://pop.umn.edu |
Version Statement | |
Date: | 2019-04-16 |
Subject Information | |
Topic Classification: | Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD |
Linking Variables -- HOUSEHOLD | |
Geographic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD | |
Technical Variables -- PERSON | |
Linking Variables -- PERSON | |
Demographics Variables -- PERSON | |
Work Variables -- PERSON | |
Education Variables -- PERSON | |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-01 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-02 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-03 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-04 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-05 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-06 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-07 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-08 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-09 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-10 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-11 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1991-12 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-01 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-02 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-03 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-04 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-05 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-06 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-07 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-08 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-09 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-10 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-11 |
Country: | United States |
Summary Data Description | |
Time Period: | 1992-12 |
Country: | United States |
Notes | |
Note: | Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, January 1991; regular size |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, February 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, March 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, April 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, May 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, June 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, July 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, August 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, September 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, October 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, November 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, December 1991; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, January 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, February 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, March 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, April 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, May 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, June 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, July 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, August 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, September 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, October 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, November 1992; regular size | |
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, December 1992; regular size |
Confidentiality Declaration | |
None | |
Contact Persons: | IPUMS-CPS |
Affiliation: | Minnesota Population Center |
URI: | http://cps.ipums.org/ |
Citation Requirement | |
Publications
and research reports based on the IPUMS-CPS database must cite it
appropriately. The citation should include the following: Sarah Flood, Miriam King, Renae Rodgers, Steven Ruggles, and J. Robert Warren. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, Current Population Survey: Version 6.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2018. https://doi.org/10.18128/D030.V6.0 The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS-CPS data requires that users supply us with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Please add your citation to the IPUMS bibliography: http://bibliography.ipums.org/ | |
Conditions | |
Users
of IPUMS-CPS data must agree to abide by the conditions of use. A
user's license is valid for one year and may be renewed. Users must
agree to the following conditions: (1) No fees may be charged for use or distribution of the data. All persons are granted a limited license to use these data, but you may not charge a fee for the data if you distribute it to others. (2) Cite IPUMS appropriately. For information on proper citation, refer to the citation requirement section of this DDI document. (3) Tell us about any work you do using the IPUMS. Publications, research reports, or presentations making use of IPUMS-CPS should be added to our Bibliography. Continued funding for the IPUMS depends on our ability to show our sponsor agencies that researchers are using the data for productive purposes. (4) Use it for GOOD -- never for EVIL. | |
Disclaimer | |
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. |
File Name: | cps_00020.dat |
Contents of Files: | Microdata records |
Type: | rectangular |
File Type: | ISO-8859-1 data file |
Data Format: | fixed length fields |
Place of File Production: | Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455 |
Name: | YEAR |
Label: | Survey year |
Variable Text: | YEAR reports the year in which the survey was conducted. YEARP is repeated on person records. |
Concept: | Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD |
Start Position: | 1 |
End Position: | 4 |
Width: | 4 |
Variable Format: | numeric |
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 |
Coder Instructions: | YEAR is a 4-digit numeric value. |
Name: | SERIAL |
Label: | Household serial number |
Variable Text: | SERIAL
is an identifying number unique to each household in a given survey
month and year. All person records are assigned the same serial number
as the household record they follow. A combination of YEAR, MONTH, and
SERIAL provides a within-sample unique identifier for every household in
IPUMS-CPS; YEAR, SERIAL, and PERNUM uniquely identify every person in
the database within sample. SERIAL is a new value generated for IPUMS-CPS and should not be confused with the household serial number created by the Census Bureau and included in the original CPS data. |
Concept: | Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD |
Start Position: | 5 |
End Position: | 9 |
Width: | 5 |
Variable Format: | numeric |
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 |
Coder Instructions: | SERIAL is a 5-digit numeric variable. |
Name: | MONTH | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Label: | Month | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Text: | MONTH indicates the calendar month of the CPS interview. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concept: | Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start Position: | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
End Position: | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Width: | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Categories | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Name: | HWTFINL |
Label: | Household weight, Basic Monthly |
Variable Text: | HWTFINL
is a household-level weight that should be used to generate statistics
about households. The CPS uses a complex stratified sampling scheme, and
HWTFINL must be used to produce unbiased household-level statistics
from IPUMS-CPS basic monthly samples. For analyses of March Annual
Social and Economic (ASEC) data, researchers should use HWTSUPP. For
individual-level analyses, researchers should use WTFINL, WTSUPP, or
EARNWT. HWTFINL generally has the same value as WTFINL for the household head or reference person. Vacant housing units and households that could not be interviewed due to residents' absence or refusal to participate have a value of zero in HWTFINL; such sampled units were included in the public use CPS data beginning in 1988. |
Concept: | Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD |
Start Position: | 12 |
End Position: | 21 |
Width: | 10 |
Variable Format: | numeric |
Implied Decimal Places: | 4 |
Coder Instructions: | HWTFINL is a 10-digit numeric variable. |
Name: | CPSID |
Label: | CPSID, household record |
Variable Text: | CPSID
is an IPUMS-CPS defined variable that uniquely identifies households
across CPS samples. The first six digits of CPSID index the four-digit
year and two-digit month that the household was first in the CPS. CPSID
allows users to link a household record across samples, based on the
4-8-4 rotation pattern, by assigning a unique CPSID value based on a
combination of household identifiers. CPSID will only ever appear for a
maximum of 8 times, which is the number of times a household may be
observed in the CPS survey (as indexed by MIS). In some cases, a
household will appear fewer than 8 times due to migration, mortality,
non-response, and recording errors. CPSID Extensive documentation about
the creation of CPSID is available elsewhere [URL omitted from DDI.]. CPSID may also be used to link ASEC respondents who are in the March Basic Monthly file to other months of CPS data. This linking is made possible by IPUMS through the creation of MARBASECIDP. Users should note that ASEC oversample households (as indicated by ASECOVERH) will always have a CPSID value of 0. Users may also want to see CPSIDP for more information about linking individuals across time using a person-specific version of CPSID. |
Concept: | Linking Variables -- HOUSEHOLD |
Start Position: | 22 |
End Position: | 35 |
Width: | 14 |
Variable Format: | numeric |
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 |
Coder Instructions: | CPSID is a 14-digit numeric variable. |
Name: | ASECFLAG | ||||||
Label: | Flag for ASEC | ||||||
Variable Text: | ASECFLAG indicates whether the respondent is part of the ASEC or the March Basic. This variable is useful for users who wish to distinguish ASEC and March Basic files in their extracts. See further information [URL omitted from DDI.] about the ASEC versus the March Basic Monthly Files. | ||||||
Concept: | Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD | ||||||
Start Position: | 36 | ||||||
End Position: | 36 | ||||||
Width: | 1 | ||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||
Categories | |||||||
|
Name: | STATEFIP | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Label: | State (FIPS code) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Text: | STATEFIP identifies the household's state of residence, using the Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) coding scheme, which orders the states alphabetically. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concept: | Geographic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start Position: | 37 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
End Position: | 38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Width: | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Categories | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note: | Case selections: 34 New Jersey, 42 Pennsylvania |
Name: | PERNUM |
Label: | Person number in sample unit |
Variable Text: | PERNUM numbers all persons within each household consecutively (starting with "1") in the order in which they are listed in the original CPS data. When combined with YEAR , MONTH, and SERIAL, PERNUM uniquely identifies each person within IPUMS-CPS samples, though not across IPUMS-CPS samples. |
Concept: | Technical Variables -- PERSON |
Start Position: | 39 |
End Position: | 40 |
Width: | 2 |
Variable Format: | numeric |
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 |
Coder Instructions: | PERNUM is a 2-digit numeric variable. |
Name: | WTFINL |
Label: | Final Basic Weight |
Variable Text: | WTFINL is the final person-level weight that should be used in analyses of basic monthly data. When analyzing ASEC data, researchers should use the person weight WTSUPP. For analyses including the variables EARNWEEK, HOURWAGE, PAIDHOUR, and UNION, researchers should use the EARNWT variable. WTFINL is the second stage weight in CPS (see technical documentation [URL omitted from DDI.]). It is based on the inverse probability of selection into the sample and adjustments for the following factors: failure to obtain an interview; sampling within large sample units; adjustments to the known distribution of the entire population according to stage, age, sex, race, and Hispanic ethnicity; and allotting a weight of zero to populations not sampled in other monthly surveys (i.e., persons in the Hispanic oversample and members of the armed forces in ASEC samples). |
Concept: | Technical Variables -- PERSON |
Start Position: | 41 |
End Position: | 54 |
Width: | 14 |
Variable Format: | numeric |
Implied Decimal Places: | 4 |
Coder Instructions: | WTFINL is a 14-digit numeric variable with four implied decimals. That is, 12345678901234 should be interpreted as 1234567890.1234. The IPUMS command files automatically make the necessary adjustment, so no further adjustment is needed. |
Name: | CPSIDP |
Label: | CPSID, person record |
Variable Text: | CPSIDP
is an IPUMS-CPS defined variable that uniquely identifies individuals
across CPS samples. The first six digits of CPSIDP index the four-digit
year and two-digit month that the household was first in the CPS. CPSIDP
allows users to link a respondent appearing with a designated household
roster line number (LINENO) across samples, based on the 4-8-4 rotation
pattern, by assigning a unique CPSIDP value to this line number. CPSIDP
will only ever appear for a maximum of 8 times, which is the number of
times a household may be observed in the CPS survey (as indexed by
MISH). In some cases, individuals will appear fewer than 8 times due to
migration, mortality, non-response, and recording errors. Extensive
documentation about the creation of CPSIDP is available elsewhere [URL
omitted from DDI.]. Users should note that it is important to verify CPSIDP linkages with AGE, SEX, and RACE. In some cases CPSIDP will result in erroneous links, which are due to errors in the source data. Cases with the same CPSIDP value may also have inconsistent responses across samples due to errors on the part of the respondent or in recording the response. Ultimately, it is up to the individual researcher to determine the acceptability of the linkages made using CPSIDP. CPSIDP may also be used to link ASEC respondents who are in the March Basic Monthly file to other months of CPS data. This linking is made possible by IPUMS through the creation of MARBASECIDP. To get started using CPSIDP, users may want to sort their data file by CPSIDP and MISH to create a person-time file. Users should take care when including the March Basic or ASEC as part of their linking. Respondents who are part of the ASEC oversample (as indicated by ASECOVERP) have a CPSIDP value of 0. For further information about the relationship between the March Basic and the ASEC, please see our additional documentation [URL omitted from DDI.]. |
Concept: | Linking Variables -- PERSON |
Start Position: | 55 |
End Position: | 68 |
Width: | 14 |
Variable Format: | numeric |
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 |
Coder Instructions: | CPSIDP is a 14-digit numeric variable. |
Name: | AGE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Label: | Age | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Text: | Age gives each person's age at last birthday. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concept: | Demographics Variables -- PERSON | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start Position: | 69 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
End Position: | 70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Width: | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Categories | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Name: | SEX | ||||||||
Label: | Sex | ||||||||
Variable Text: | SEX gives each person's sex. | ||||||||
Concept: | Demographics Variables -- PERSON | ||||||||
Start Position: | 71 | ||||||||
End Position: | 71 | ||||||||
Width: | 1 | ||||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||||
Categories | |||||||||
|
Name: | RACE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Label: | Race | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Text: | Racial categories in the CPS have been more consistent than racial categories in the census. Up through 2002, the number of race categories ranged from 3 (white, negro, and other) to 5 (white, black, American Indian/Eskimo/Aleut, Asian or Pacific Islander, and other). Beginning in 2003, respondents could report more than one race, and the number of codes rose to 21, and then up to 26 codes in 2013. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concept: | Demographics Variables -- PERSON | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start Position: | 72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
End Position: | 74 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Width: | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Categories | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Name: | EMPSTAT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Label: | Employment status | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Text: | EMPSTAT
indicates whether persons were part of the labor force--working or
seeking work--and, if so, whether they were currently unemployed. The
variable also provides information on the activity (e.g., doing
housework, attending school,) or status (e.g., retired, unable to work)
of persons not in the labor force, as well as limited additional
information on those who are in the labor force (e.g. members of the
Armed Forces, those with a job, but not at work last week). See
LABFORCE for a dichotomous variable identifying whether a person
participated in the labor force. In the CPS, individuals' employment status was determined on the basis of answers to a series of questions relating to their activities during the preceding week. Those who reported doing any work at all for pay or profit, or working at least fifteen hours without pay in a family business or farm, were classified as "at work." Those who did not work during the previous week but who acknowledged having a job or business from which they were temporarily absent (e.g., due to illness, vacation, bad weather, or labor dispute) were also classified as employed, under the heading "has job, not at work last week." Because the CPS is designed to measure unemployment in the civilian population, the original employment status variable in the survey classifies members of the armed forces as NIU (Not in universe). Unemployed persons make up the third element of the labor force. Individuals were coded as unemployed if they did no work for pay or profit, did not have a job from which they were briefly absent, and either reported looking for work as their major activity during the previous week (for 1962 through 1993) or answered yes to a question about whether they had been looking for work in the past four weeks. People who were temporarily laid off from a job were also classified as unemployed. A separate CPS variable specifying whether an unemployed person had worked before or was looking for a first job was used to distinguish between "experienced" and "inexperienced" unemployed persons in IPUMS-CPS. Persons who were neither employed nor unemployed fall into the residual category, "not in labor force." Such individuals might be retired, disabled due to an illness lasting at least 6 months, occupied with other activities such as attending school or keeping house, or convinced that they are unlikely to find employment (discouraged workers). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concept: | Work Variables -- PERSON | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start Position: | 75 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
End Position: | 76 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Width: | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Name: | EDUC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Label: | Educational attainment recode | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Text: | EDUC
indicates respondents' educational attainment, as measured by the
highest year of school or degree completed. Note that completion differs
from the highest year of school attendance; for example, respondents
who attended 10th grade but did not finish were classified in
EDUC as having completed 9th grade. EDUC is a combination of two other variables, HIGRADE and EDUC99, which measure educational attainment in different ways. HIGRADE is available for years prior to 1992 and gives the respondent's highest grade of school or year of college completed. EDUC99 is available beginning in 1992 and classifies high school graduates according to their highest degree or diploma attained. General and detailed codes are not yet available for IPUMS-CPS, but one can construct the general version of EDUC by reading only the first two columns of EDUC. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concept: | Education Variables -- PERSON | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Start Position: | 77 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
End Position: | 79 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Width: | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Format: | numeric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implied Decimal Places: | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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