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User Extract cps_00020.dat

Jump to Section
  1. Document Description
  2. Study Description
  3. File Description
  4. Variable Description

§ 1. Document Description

Citation

Title Statement
Title:Codebook for an IPUMS-CPS Data Extract
Subtitle:DDI 2.5 metadata describing the extract file 'cps_00020.dat'
Identification Number:ddi2-146448_cps_00020.dat-cps.ipums.org
Responsibility Statement
Authoring Entity:Minnesota Population Center
Affiliation:University of Minnesota
Production Statement
Producer:Minnesota Population Center
Affiliation:University of Minnesota
Role:Documentation
Date of Production:April 16, 2019
Place of Production:Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Distribution Statement
Contact Persons:Minnesota Population Center
Affiliation:University of Minnesota
URI:http://pop.umn.edu

§ 2. Study Description

Citation

Title Statement
Title:User Extract cps_00020.dat
Responsibility Statement
Authoring Entity:Minnesota Population Center
Affiliation:University of Minnesota
Production Statement
Producer:Minnesota Population Center
Affiliation:University of Minnesota
Role:Documentation
Date of Production:April 16, 2019
Place of Production:Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Distribution Statement
Contact Persons:Minnesota Population Center
Affiliation:University of Minnesota
URI:http://pop.umn.edu
Version Statement
Date:2019-04-16

Study Scope

Subject Information
Topic Classification:Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Linking Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Geographic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Technical Variables -- PERSON
Linking Variables -- PERSON
Demographics Variables -- PERSON
Work Variables -- PERSON
Education Variables -- PERSON
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-01
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-02
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-03
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-04
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-05
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-06
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-07
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-08
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-09
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-10
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-11
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1991-12
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-01
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-02
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-03
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-04
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-05
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-06
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-07
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-08
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-09
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-10
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-11
Country:United States
Summary Data Description
Time Period:1992-12
Country:United States
Notes
Note:Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, January 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, February 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, March 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, April 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, May 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, June 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, July 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, August 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, September 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, October 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, November 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, December 1991; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, January 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, February 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, March 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, April 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, May 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, June 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, July 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, August 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, September 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, October 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, November 1992; regular size
Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: IPUMS-CPS, December 1992; regular size

Data Access - Use Statement

Confidentiality Declaration
None
Contact Persons:IPUMS-CPS
Affiliation:Minnesota Population Center
URI:http://cps.ipums.org/
Citation Requirement
Publications and research reports based on the IPUMS-CPS database must cite it appropriately. The citation should include the following:

Sarah Flood, Miriam King, Renae Rodgers, Steven Ruggles, and J. Robert Warren. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, Current Population Survey: Version 6.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2018. https://doi.org/10.18128/D030.V6.0

The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS-CPS data requires that users supply us with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Please add your citation to the IPUMS bibliography: http://bibliography.ipums.org/
Conditions
Users of IPUMS-CPS data must agree to abide by the conditions of use. A user's license is valid for one year and may be renewed. Users must agree to the following conditions:

(1) No fees may be charged for use or distribution of the data. All persons are granted a limited license to use these data, but you may not charge a fee for the data if you distribute it to others.

(2) Cite IPUMS appropriately. For information on proper citation, refer to the citation requirement section of this DDI document.

(3) Tell us about any work you do using the IPUMS. Publications, research reports, or presentations making use of IPUMS-CPS should be added to our Bibliography. Continued funding for the IPUMS depends on our ability to show our sponsor agencies that researchers are using the data for productive purposes.

(4) Use it for GOOD -- never for EVIL.
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.

§ 3. File Description

File

File Name:cps_00020.dat
Contents of Files:Microdata records
Type:rectangular
File Type:ISO-8859-1 data file
Data Format:fixed length fields
Place of File Production:Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455

§ 4. Variable Description

Jump to Variable
  1. YEAR (Survey year)
  2. SERIAL (Household serial number)
  3. MONTH (Month)
  4. HWTFINL (Household weight, Basic Monthly)
  5. CPSID (CPSID, household record)
  6. ASECFLAG (Flag for ASEC)
  7. STATEFIP (State (FIPS code))
  8. PERNUM (Person number in sample unit)
  9. WTFINL (Final Basic Weight)
  10. CPSIDP (CPSID, person record)
  11. AGE (Age)
  12. SEX (Sex)
  13. RACE (Race)
  14. EMPSTAT (Employment status)
  15. EDUC (Educational attainment recode)

Variable: "YEAR"

Name:YEAR
Label:Survey year
Variable Text:YEAR reports the year in which the survey was conducted. YEARP is repeated on person records.
Concept:Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Start Position:1
End Position:4
Width:4
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Coder Instructions:
YEAR is a 4-digit numeric value.

Variable: "SERIAL"

Name:SERIAL
Label:Household serial number
Variable Text:SERIAL is an identifying number unique to each household in a given survey month and year. All person records are assigned the same serial number as the household record they follow. A combination of YEAR, MONTH, and SERIAL provides a within-sample unique identifier for every household in IPUMS-CPS; YEAR, SERIAL, and PERNUM uniquely identify every person in the database within sample.

SERIAL is a new value generated for IPUMS-CPS and should not be confused with the household serial number created by the Census Bureau and included in the original CPS data.
Concept:Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Start Position:5
End Position:9
Width:5
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Coder Instructions:
SERIAL is a 5-digit numeric variable.

Variable: "MONTH"

Name:MONTH
Label:Month
Variable Text:MONTH indicates the calendar month of the CPS interview.
Concept:Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Start Position:10
End Position:11
Width:2
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
01January
02February
03March
04April
05May
06June
07July
08August
09September
10October
11November
12December

Variable: "HWTFINL"

Name:HWTFINL
Label:Household weight, Basic Monthly
Variable Text:HWTFINL is a household-level weight that should be used to generate statistics about households. The CPS uses a complex stratified sampling scheme, and HWTFINL must be used to produce unbiased household-level statistics from IPUMS-CPS basic monthly samples. For analyses of March Annual Social and Economic (ASEC) data, researchers should use HWTSUPP. For individual-level analyses, researchers should use WTFINL, WTSUPP, or EARNWT.

HWTFINL generally has the same value as WTFINL for the household head or reference person. Vacant housing units and households that could not be interviewed due to residents' absence or refusal to participate have a value of zero in HWTFINL; such sampled units were included in the public use CPS data beginning in 1988.
Concept:Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Start Position:12
End Position:21
Width:10
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:4
Coder Instructions:
HWTFINL is a 10-digit numeric variable.

Variable: "CPSID"

Name:CPSID
Label:CPSID, household record
Variable Text:CPSID is an IPUMS-CPS defined variable that uniquely identifies households across CPS samples. The first six digits of CPSID index the four-digit year and two-digit month that the household was first in the CPS. CPSID allows users to link a household record across samples, based on the 4-8-4 rotation pattern, by assigning a unique CPSID value based on a combination of household identifiers. CPSID will only ever appear for a maximum of 8 times, which is the number of times a household may be observed in the CPS survey (as indexed by MIS). In some cases, a household will appear fewer than 8 times due to migration, mortality, non-response, and recording errors. CPSID Extensive documentation about the creation of CPSID is available elsewhere [URL omitted from DDI.].

CPSID may also be used to link ASEC respondents who are in the March Basic Monthly file to other months of CPS data. This linking is made possible by IPUMS through the creation of MARBASECIDP. Users should note that ASEC oversample households (as indicated by ASECOVERH) will always have a CPSID value of 0.

Users may also want to see CPSIDP for more information about linking individuals across time using a person-specific version of CPSID.
Concept:Linking Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Start Position:22
End Position:35
Width:14
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Coder Instructions:
CPSID is a 14-digit numeric variable.

Variable: "ASECFLAG"

Name:ASECFLAG
Label:Flag for ASEC
Variable Text:ASECFLAG indicates whether the respondent is part of the ASEC or the March Basic. This variable is useful for users who wish to distinguish ASEC and March Basic files in their extracts. See further information [URL omitted from DDI.] about the ASEC versus the March Basic Monthly Files.
Concept:Technical Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Start Position:36
End Position:36
Width:1
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
1ASEC
2March Basic

Variable: "STATEFIP"

Name:STATEFIP
Label:State (FIPS code)
Variable Text:STATEFIP identifies the household's state of residence, using the Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) coding scheme, which orders the states alphabetically.
Concept:Geographic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD
Start Position:37
End Position:38
Width:2
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
01Alabama
02Alaska
04Arizona
05Arkansas
06California
08Colorado
09Connecticut
10Delaware
11District of Columbia
12Florida
13Georgia
15Hawaii
16Idaho
17Illinois
18Indiana
19Iowa
20Kansas
21Kentucky
22Louisiana
23Maine
24Maryland
25Massachusetts
26Michigan
27Minnesota
28Mississippi
29Missouri
30Montana
31Nebraska
32Nevada
33New Hampshire
34New Jersey
35New Mexico
36New York
37North Carolina
38North Dakota
39Ohio
40Oklahoma
41Oregon
42Pennsylvania
44Rhode Island
45South Carolina
46South Dakota
47Tennessee
48Texas
49Utah
50Vermont
51Virginia
53Washington
54West Virginia
55Wisconsin
56Wyoming
61Maine-New Hampshire-Vermont
65Montana-Idaho-Wyoming
68Alaska-Hawaii
69Nebraska-North Dakota-South Dakota
70Maine-Massachusetts-New Hampshire-Rhode Island-Vermont
71Michigan-Wisconsin
72Minnesota-Iowa
73Nebraska-North Dakota-South Dakota-Kansas
74Delaware-Virginia
75North Carolina-South Carolina
76Alabama-Mississippi
77Arkansas-Oklahoma
78Arizona-New Mexico-Colorado
79Idaho-Wyoming-Utah-Montana-Nevada
80Alaska-Washington-Hawaii
81New Hampshire-Maine-Vermont-Rhode Island
83South Carolina-Georgia
84Kentucky-Tennessee
85Arkansas-Louisiana-Oklahoma
87Iowa-N Dakota-S Dakota-Nebraska-Kansas-Minnesota-Missouri
88Washington-Oregon-Alaska-Hawaii
89Montana-Wyoming-Colorado-New Mexico-Utah-Nevada-Arizona
90Delaware-Maryland-Virginia-West Virginia
99State not identified
Notes
Note:Case selections: 34 New Jersey, 42 Pennsylvania

Variable: "PERNUM"

Name:PERNUM
Label:Person number in sample unit
Variable Text:PERNUM numbers all persons within each household consecutively (starting with "1") in the order in which they are listed in the original CPS data. When combined with YEAR , MONTH, and SERIAL, PERNUM uniquely identifies each person within IPUMS-CPS samples, though not across IPUMS-CPS samples.
Concept:Technical Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:39
End Position:40
Width:2
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Coder Instructions:
PERNUM is a 2-digit numeric variable.

Variable: "WTFINL"

Name:WTFINL
Label:Final Basic Weight
Variable Text:WTFINL is the final person-level weight that should be used in analyses of basic monthly data.

When analyzing ASEC data, researchers should use the person weight WTSUPP. For analyses including the variables EARNWEEK, HOURWAGE, PAIDHOUR, and UNION, researchers should use the EARNWT variable.

WTFINL is the second stage weight in CPS (see technical documentation [URL omitted from DDI.]). It is based on the inverse probability of selection into the sample and adjustments for the following factors: failure to obtain an interview; sampling within large sample units; adjustments to the known distribution of the entire population according to stage, age, sex, race, and Hispanic ethnicity; and allotting a weight of zero to populations not sampled in other monthly surveys (i.e., persons in the Hispanic oversample and members of the armed forces in ASEC samples).
Concept:Technical Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:41
End Position:54
Width:14
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:4
Coder Instructions:
WTFINL is a 14-digit numeric variable with four implied decimals. That is, 12345678901234 should be interpreted as 1234567890.1234. The IPUMS command files automatically make the necessary adjustment, so no further adjustment is needed.

Variable: "CPSIDP"

Name:CPSIDP
Label:CPSID, person record
Variable Text:CPSIDP is an IPUMS-CPS defined variable that uniquely identifies individuals across CPS samples. The first six digits of CPSIDP index the four-digit year and two-digit month that the household was first in the CPS. CPSIDP allows users to link a respondent appearing with a designated household roster line number (LINENO) across samples, based on the 4-8-4 rotation pattern, by assigning a unique CPSIDP value to this line number. CPSIDP will only ever appear for a maximum of 8 times, which is the number of times a household may be observed in the CPS survey (as indexed by MISH). In some cases, individuals will appear fewer than 8 times due to migration, mortality, non-response, and recording errors. Extensive documentation about the creation of CPSIDP is available elsewhere [URL omitted from DDI.].

Users should note that it is important to verify CPSIDP linkages with AGE, SEX, and RACE. In some cases CPSIDP will result in erroneous links, which are due to errors in the source data. Cases with the same CPSIDP value may also have inconsistent responses across samples due to errors on the part of the respondent or in recording the response.  Ultimately, it is up to the individual researcher to determine the acceptability of the linkages made using CPSIDP.

CPSIDP may also be used to link ASEC respondents who are in the March Basic Monthly file to other months of CPS data. This linking is made possible by IPUMS through the creation of MARBASECIDP.

To get started using CPSIDP, users may want to sort their data file by CPSIDP and MISH to create a person-time file.

Users should take care when including the March Basic or ASEC as part of their linking. Respondents who are part of the ASEC oversample (as indicated by ASECOVERP) have a CPSIDP value of 0. For further information about the relationship between the March Basic and the ASEC, please see our additional documentation [URL omitted from DDI.].
Concept:Linking Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:55
End Position:68
Width:14
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Coder Instructions:
CPSIDP is a 14-digit numeric variable.

Variable: "AGE"

Name:AGE
Label:Age
Variable Text:Age gives each person's age at last birthday.
Concept:Demographics Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:69
End Position:70
Width:2
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
3434
9999+
9595
9696
9797
9898
9393
9494
9292
9090 (90+, 1988-2002)
9191
8484
8585
8686
8787
8888
8989
8282
8383
8181
8080
7878
7979
7575
7676
7777
7373
7474
7171
7272
7070
6969
6767
6868
6464
6565
6666
6262
6363
5959
6060
6161
5757
5858
5454
5555
5656
5252
5353
5050
5151
4949
4848
4646
4747
4444
4545
4141
4242
4343
3838
3939
4040
3737
3131
3232
3333
3030
2626
2727
2828
2929
2424
2525
2121
2222
2323
1919
2020
1616
1717
1818
1212
1313
1414
1515
1111
088
099
1010
077
044
055
066
022
033
00Under 1 year
011
3535
3636

Variable: "SEX"

Name:SEX
Label:Sex
Variable Text:SEX gives each person's sex.
Concept:Demographics Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:71
End Position:71
Width:1
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
9NIU
1Male
2Female

Variable: "RACE"

Name:RACE
Label:Race
Variable Text:Racial categories in the CPS have been more consistent than racial categories in the census. Up through 2002, the number of race categories ranged from 3 (white, negro, and other) to 5 (white, black, American Indian/Eskimo/Aleut, Asian or Pacific Islander, and other). Beginning in 2003, respondents could report more than one race, and the number of codes rose to 21, and then up to 26 codes in 2013.
Concept:Demographics Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:72
End Position:74
Width:3
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
999Blank
820Two or three races, unspecified
830Four or five races, unspecified
819White-American Indian-Asian-Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
804White-Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
805Black-American Indian
806Black-Asian
807Black-Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
808American Indian-Asian
809Asian-Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
810White-Black-American Indian
811White-Black-Asian
812White-American Indian-Asian
813White-Asian-Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
814White-Black-American Indian-Asian
815American Indian-Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
816White-Black--Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
817White-American Indian-Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
818Black-American Indian-Asian
803White-Asian
801White-Black
802White-American Indian
700Other (single) race, n.e.c.
651Asian only
652Hawaiian/Pacific Islander only
650Asian or Pacific Islander
200Black/Negro
300American Indian/Aleut/Eskimo
100White

Variable: "EMPSTAT"

Name:EMPSTAT
Label:Employment status
Variable Text:EMPSTAT indicates whether persons were part of the labor force--working or seeking work--and, if so, whether they were currently unemployed. The variable also provides information on the activity (e.g., doing housework, attending school,) or status (e.g., retired, unable to work) of persons not in the labor force, as well as limited additional information on those who are in the labor force (e.g. members of the Armed Forces, those with a job, but not at work last week). See LABFORCE for a dichotomous variable identifying whether a person participated in the labor force.

In the CPS, individuals' employment status was determined on the basis of answers to a series of questions relating to their activities during the preceding week. Those who reported doing any work at all for pay or profit, or working at least fifteen hours without pay in a family business or farm, were classified as "at work." Those who did not work during the previous week but who acknowledged having a job or business from which they were temporarily absent (e.g., due to illness, vacation, bad weather, or labor dispute) were also classified as employed, under the heading "has job, not at work last week."

Because the CPS is designed to measure unemployment in the civilian population, the original employment status variable in the survey classifies members of the armed forces as NIU (Not in universe).

Unemployed persons make up the third element of the labor force. Individuals were coded as unemployed if they did no work for pay or profit, did not have a job from which they were briefly absent, and either reported looking for work as their major activity during the previous week (for 1962 through 1993) or answered yes to a question about whether they had been looking for work in the past four weeks. People who were temporarily laid off from a job were also classified as unemployed. A separate CPS variable specifying whether an unemployed person had worked before or was looking for a first job was used to distinguish between "experienced" and "inexperienced" unemployed persons in IPUMS-CPS.

Persons who were neither employed nor unemployed fall into the residual category, "not in labor force." Such individuals might be retired, disabled due to an illness lasting at least 6 months, occupied with other activities such as attending school or keeping house, or convinced that they are unlikely to find employment (discouraged workers).
Concept:Work Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:75
End Position:76
Width:2
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
35NILF, unpaid, lt 15 hours
34NILF, other
33NILF, school
32NILF, unable to work
31NILF, housework
30Not in labor force
22Unemployed, new worker
21Unemployed, experienced worker
20Unemployed
12Has job, not at work last week
10At work
01Armed Forces
00NIU
36NILF, retired

Variable: "EDUC"

Name:EDUC
Label:Educational attainment recode
Variable Text:EDUC indicates respondents' educational attainment, as measured by the highest year of school or degree completed. Note that completion differs from the highest year of school attendance; for example, respondents who attended 10th grade but did not finish were classified in EDUC as having completed 9th grade. 

EDUC is a combination of two other variables, HIGRADE and EDUC99, which measure educational attainment in different ways. HIGRADE is available for years prior to 1992 and gives the respondent's highest grade of school or year of college completed. EDUC99 is available beginning in 1992 and classifies high school graduates according to their highest degree or diploma attained.

General and detailed codes are not yet available for IPUMS-CPS, but one can construct the general version of EDUC by reading only the first two columns of EDUC.
Concept:Education Variables -- PERSON
Start Position:77
End Position:79
Width:3
Variable Format:numeric
Implied Decimal Places:0
Categories
ValueLabel
000NIU or no schooling
001NIU or blank
002None or preschool
010Grades 1, 2, 3, or 4
011Grade 1
012Grade 2
013Grade 3
014Grade 4
020Grades 5 or 6
021Grade 5
022Grade 6
030Grades 7 or 8
031Grade 7
032Grade 8
040Grade 9
050Grade 10
060Grade 11
070Grade 12
07112th grade, no diploma
07212th grade, diploma unclear
073High school diploma or equivalent
0801 year of college
081Some college but no degree
0902 years of college
091Associate's degree, occupational/vocational program
092Associate's degree, academic program
1003 years of college
1104 years of college
111Bachelor's degree
1205+ years of college
1215 years of college
1226+ years of college
123Master's degree
124Professional school degree
125Doctorate degree
999Missing/Unknown